Legal entities established in countries associated with Horizon Europe may participate under the same conditions as those from EU Member States, unless otherwise specified in the work programme or call/topic text. In some cases, participation may be restricted to entities established in the EU or in the EU and selected non-EU countries to safeguard the EU’s strategic interests, security, or autonomy.

Restrictions may also apply to entities located in eligible countries but controlled—either directly or indirectly—by organisations from ineligible countries. These conditions will be clearly defined in the applicable work programme.